Change in dietary inflammatory index score is associated with control of long-term rheumatoid arthritis disease activity in a Japanese cohort: the TOMORROW study

Abstract Background The dietary inflammatory index (DII®), a quantitative measure of the potential daily food and nutrient intake, associations between variety health outcomes have been reported. However, association DII score disease activity rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is unclear. Therefore, this study was designed to test whether higher contributes as corollary, reducing helps achieve or maintain low remission in patients with RA. Methods We performed cross-sectional longitudinal analysis using 6 years data (from 2011 2017) TOMORROW, cohort consisting 208 RA 205 gender- age-matched controls started 2010. Disease assessed annually DAS28-ESR (disease 28 joints erythrocyte sedimentation rate) composite based on arthritic symptoms plus global assessment ESR. Dietary were collected 2017 brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ). Energy-adjusted (E-DII™) calculated 26 nutrients derived from BDHQ. Data analyzed two-group comparisons, correlation analysis, multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results One hundred seventy-seven 183 controls, for whom clinical survey available, analyzed. had significantly E-DII (pro-inflammatory) compared both ( p < 0.05). In patients, not factor associated significant change activity. anti-inflammatory maintaining (DAS28-ESR ? 3.2) less (OR 3.46, 95% CI 0.33–8.98, = 0.011). Conclusions diets than controls. Although change, appeared be Trial registration UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, UMIN000003876 . Registered 7 Aug 2010—retrospectively registered.